walliser



March 13, 1945. R wALLlSER 2,371,199

RUG

Filed Jan. 8, 1943 Patented Mar. 13, 1945 UNITED STATE s PATIENT OFFICE RUG Robert E. Walliser, Libertyvllle, Ill., asslgnor of one-third to Thor S. Johnson, Irvington, N. Y., as trustee, and one-third to William F. Stahl and one-third to Chicago, Ill.

Arthur Hanisch, both .of

Application January 8, 1943, Serial No. 471,671

6 Claims. (Cl. 139-402) An object of the invention is to provide a rug having softbulky pile war i threads extending upwardly from the fabric, preferably in the form' of long twisted loops, the loops providing a pleasing appearance and resembling what is known as-bullion fringe. Another object is to provide a rug formed by a modified weaving operation. wherein the soft bulky pile warp threads are spaced apart by a substantial distance within the fabric of the rug and are formed in such a manner as to be tightlysecured to the body of the rug to provide a sturdy and attractive product more pleasing in appearance than rugs of this type which have heretofore been formed. Still another object of the invention is to provide a bullion twisted form of rug in which the long loops are formed integrally with the rug body, a modification of the weaving operation being employed for securely locking the loops against being pulled out of place.

Another object of the invention is to provide a rug havingsoft bulky pile warp threads extending upwardly from the body of the rug and spaced apart by a substantial distance, while at the same tinreavoidlng the dimculty known as grinning" wherein a sharpline of separation or de-' marcation appears-between the pile warp threads in a rug when the rug is foldedor bent as, for example, when the rug is used as a stair carpet. Another object is to provide in a rug, pile warp threads having upwardly-extending loops, each of the loops in one of the pilewarp threadsbeing spaced apart by a plurality of weft threads and the loops in adjacent pile warp threads being disposed between diiierent .weft threads and thus arranged in staggered relation with respect to each other rather than in straight transverse rows. A further object is to provide a rug having long twisted loops. of pile warp threads extending upwardly from the fabric thereof wherebullion twist type, it has been the practice to form the long twisted'loops separately and to stitch them-to a woven fabric base in order to adequately secure the loops to the base. Obviously, such an operation is laborious and expensive, and the product lacks the smooth regularity and uniformity of a rug wherein the loops are formed in the weaving operation. It has been thought that ifthe loops were not separately formed and stitched to the fabric base, they would pull out when the rug was in use and would,-

therefore, be unsatisfactory. In the przsent invention, the loops are secured firmly to the fabric base, while at the same-time the staggered transverse relation of the loops prevents the spacing apart of the loops from causing the rug to be subject to grinning." that only a portion of the loops is drawn from .the fabric in apicking operation, greater speed and ease in picking back when a defect occurs during the tufting operation on the loom are possible since only a portion of the loops or tufts need berearranged. The portion of the loops which is formed in a single picking operation or step is such that each pair of loops transversely spaced apart from each other has at least one additional loop therebetween in a different transverse row. Thus, in the weaving of the rug,

the chances of the loops back-twisting against one another to form unsightly lumps of tuft- By reason of the fact ing is minimized. By the same token, the staggered transverse relation of the loops produces an upper body for the rug which ismuch more regular in appearance than would otherwise be possible.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a fragmentary detail plan view of the rug with a portion of the upwardly-extending loops cut away immediately above the surface of the rug; and Fig. 2

i is a fragmentary detail, transverse sectional view in the tension on the pile warp threads in thetaken along the; line 2--2 of Fig. 1..

In the embodiment of the invention described.

herein, the 'rug is formed of pile warp threads l0, ground warp threads .l I, and weft threads l2.

'I'heweftorfllling threads l2 and the ground warp threads M are preferably tightly twisted to form: a'sturdy tight body for gripping the pile warp threads: therebetween. The pile warp threads [Months other hand, as illustrated, are formed ofa two-p y structure in which each ply is ilrst slack-twisted and then brought together and'cver-twisted; The over-twisting substantiallyremoves the slack twist of the individual..lplies and the resulting twisted pile warp thread is bulky in appearance and relatively soft. This soft pile warp thread It is tightly gripped between the tightly and closely drawn weft threads l2 and ground warp threads ll.

Loops l3 are formed in the pile warp threads at spaced intervals by drawing the pile warp threads upwardly from the body of the fabric. Each of the loops .II is preferably of a length greater than the distance by which the loop is spaced from the next adjacent loops formed in the same pile warp thread.- By reason of the over-twist in the pile warp thread, the loops after being formed and released become twisted. as seen in the illustration.

Preferably, the loops which are formed in the pile warp thread are spaced apart from the next adjacent loops in the same pile warp thread by at least five-weft threads. As shown, five weft threads may be disposed betweeneach pair of loops and in the same-pile warp thread, and an additional weft thread may extend between and threads which form the loop.

Between each pair of pile warp threads, a pair of ground warp threads may be placed. As

shown, one of the ground warp threads may be in the same shed with the pile warp threads, while posite shed. thread passingtransversely through and across the ground warpand pile warpth'reads passes over a ground warp thread, then under a ground taneously from the fabric, preferably every third pile warp thread is formed into a loop in'the picking operation. In the next loop-forming operation, another portion of the pile warp threads is drawn from the fabric. If in each case every third pile warp thread is drawn from the fabric to form a loop, after three loop-forming operations a second loop will be formed in each of the pile warp threads which was subjected to the first loop-forming or picking step. With this construction, the loops are not formed in straight transverse rows but, instead, are staggered transversely with respect to each other. When the fabric is folded or bent, the upper body of the rug does not separate transversely along the spaces between the loops as would be the case if the loops were drawn in straight transverse rows. By arranging the pile warp threads so that they are alternately drawn from the fabric in a plurality of different portions which arespaced between each other, a more regular body is provided for the rug, while at the same time the longitudinal spacing of the loops along each of the pile warp By reason of the softness or loosely-woven character of the pile warp threads, the rug not only provides a more attractiveappearance but the other ground warp thread maybe in the op- With this construction, a weft also the pile warp threads cooperate with the of the'loops upon the release of tension so that.

the loops are prevented from being drawn from the fabric. Although the invention has been.il--

lustrated with the loops spaced apart longitudinally by five weft threads,.it will be understood that seven weft threads between loops or a larger number of weft threads may, if desired, be used.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my co-pending application Serial No. 356,534 filed September 12, 1940 for Rug issud January 19, 1943 as Patent #2308577.

Although the invention has been described in connection witha specific embodiment, and sp cific structural details have been set forth for the purpose of illustrating the invention, it will be apstituting the upper body of the rug, the pile threads extending upwardly a distance at least as great as the distance between the pile thread and the adjacent upwardly-extending pile'thread of the same pile warp thread, each pile warp thread being drawn upwardly between a' pair of weft threads different from the pair" of weft threads between which the next adjacent pile warp thread isdrawn. 1 v

'2. A rug consisting essentially of ground warp and pile warp threads interwoven with weft threads, each of the pile warp threads being spaced apart from the next adjacent pile warp thread by at least one ground warp thread, each of the pile warp threads at spaced intervals thereof being drawn from the fabric between a pair of weft threads to form upwardly-extending pile threads constituting the upper body of the rug, a portion of the pile warp threads being drawn upwardly in a straight transverserow between a pair of weft threads and another portion of the pile warp threads being drawn upwardly between another pair of weft threads in a straight transverse row spaced from said first row, adjacent pile warp threads in each transverse row having therebetween a pile warp thread of another row.

3. A rug consisting essentially of ground warp and pile warp threads interwoven [with weft threads, 7 each of the pile warp threads being spacedapart from the next adjacent pile warp thread by at least one ground warp thread, the pile warp threads at spaced intervals being drawn from the woven fabric to form long spirallyfrom said first row and between a different pair of weft threads, adjacent pile warp threads in each portion having therebetween a pile warp thread of the other portion.

4.'A rug consisting essentially of ground and.

pile warp threads interwoven with weft threads, the 'pile warp threads being formed of overtwisted ply-yam each of the plies of which is slack-twisted, each of the pile warp threads being spacedflapart fromrthe nextadjacent pile warp threads by a pair of ground warp threads, one of said pair or ground warp threads being in the same shed with the pile warp threads whereby constituting the upper body of the rug, the loops being of greater length than the distance by which they are spaced apart, each loop being drawn upwardly between a pair of weft threads different from the pair of weft threads between which the loops of the next adjacent pile warp threads are drawn.

A rug consisting essentially of ground and pile warp threads interwoven with weft threads, the pile warp threads being formed of overtwisted ply-yarn each of the plies of which is slack-twisted, each of the pile warp threads being spaced apart from the next adjacent pile warp threads by a pair of ground warp threads, one 0! said pair of ground warp threads being in the same shed with the pile warp threads whereby the weft threads pass on the same side of the pile warp threads and one of the ground warp threads on the opposite side of the other of the pair of ground warp threads, the pile warp threads at spaced intervals being drawn from the woven fabric to form long spirally-twisted loops constituting the upper body of the mg, the loops being of greater length than the distance by which they are spaced apart, a portion of the pile warp threads being drawn upwardly so that the loops thereof are formed in a straight transverse row between a pair of weft threads, and another portion of the pile. warp threads being drawn upwardly so that the loops thereof are in another straight transverse row' longitudinally spaced from said first row and between a different pair of weft threads, adjacent pile warp threads in each portion having therebetween a pile warp thread of the other portion.

6. A rug of the class set forth, consisting essentially of ground and pile warp threads interwoven with weft threads, the pile warp threads being formed of over-twisted ply-yam, each of the plies of which is slack-twisted, each of the pile warp threads being spaced apart from the next adjacent pile warp threads by a pair of ground warp threads, one of said pair of ground warp threads being in the same shed with'th'e pile warp threads whereby the weft threads pass on the same side of the pile warp thread and one of the ground warp threads and on the opposite side of the other of the pair of ground warp threads. the pile warp threads at spaced intervals being drawn from the woven fabric to form long spirally-twisted loops constituting the upper body of the rug, the loops being of greater length than the distance by which they are spaced apart, each loop being drawn upwardly between two weft threads, one of said pair of ground warp threads I passing over said two weft threads.

ROBERT E. warmsna. 

